The Spectral Structure of Latent Treatment Effects

Identifying heterogeneous treatment effects under unobserved confounding is central in observational causal inference.

Identifying heterogeneous treatment effects under unobserved confounding is central in observational causal inference. In proxy models with a discrete latent confounder, prior Synthetic Potential Outcomes (SPO) [Mazaheri-Squires-Uhler '25] recover the mixture of treatment…