← The frontier
Science & ResearchSep 2, 2026

γLinolenic Acid Induces a Vitamin D Receptor-Independent Mineralization Program by Activating CaMKII--SMAD2/3 Pathway in Calvarial Osteoblasts

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling is essential for osteoblast maturation and skeletal mineralization, yet the intracellular mechanisms linking VDR activity to matrix production remain poorly defined.

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling is essential for osteoblast maturation and skeletal mineralization, yet the intracellular mechanisms linking VDR activity to matrix production remain poorly defined. Here, we show that vdr-/- calvarial osteoblasts initiate differentiation but…

The frontier is open to all. Sign in to learn this from first principles and save it to your knowledge base.