Revisiting gravitational instability in protostellar discs with improved radiative cooling models

Young discs are expected to be significantly more massive than those observed at $>1$ Myr and it is at this earliest stage that planet formation likely begins.

Young discs are expected to be significantly more massive than those observed at $>1$ Myr and it is at this earliest stage that planet formation likely begins. Such massive discs may be susceptible to the gravitational instability (GI), therefore we need to determine the disc…