The Spontaneous Evolution of Biology

We have demonstrated the potential of amino acids to polymerise into peptides, proteins, and form cell-like structures in the absence of cellular machinery, including nucleic acids, lipids or sugars.

We have demonstrated the potential of amino acids to polymerise into peptides, proteins, and form cell-like structures in the absence of cellular machinery, including nucleic acids, lipids or sugars. Not only has cell-free protein replication been observed, but evidence of…