← The frontier
Science & ResearchAug 17, 2026

A Cross-Band (X-ray $\times$ Optical) Periodicity Search for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries: A Null Result and the First Completeness-Corrected Constraint

We present the first sample-level search for supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) requiring coherent quasi-periodicity at a common period in the X-ray and optical bands, over 1194 Swift-BAT hard X-ray AGN (Stage 1) and 175 4XMM-DR14…

We present the first sample-level search for supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) requiring coherent quasi-periodicity at a common period in the X-ray and optical bands, over 1194 Swift-BAT hard X-ray AGN (Stage 1) and 175 4XMM-DR14 AGN (Stage 2). No source is a co-periodic…

The frontier is open to all. Sign in to learn this from first principles and save it to your knowledge base.